Highlights
- Indonesia and Malaysia have progressed significantly in developing CCS/CCUS policy, regulation, and supportive environments.
- To improve CCS/CCUS development in Indonesia, it is recommended to create a time-bound CCS taskforce to streamline multi-agency approvals, provide interim guidance on tariffs and procedures, and publish frameworks for storage fees and capacity allocation with standardised MRV protocols.
- Recommendation for Malaysia includes publishing a transparent methodology for the Post-Closure Stewardship Fund injection levy with risk-based variations, developing tiered liability frameworks that balance perpetual accountability with reduced phased operator exposure, and mandating public consultation processes for large-scale CCS projects.
- For ASEAN, it is recommended to adopt a regional "minimum common package" that sets shared standards for custody handover, MRV data protocols, incident reporting, and dispute resolution.